Question

Bamboo, grass, and mint stem elongate by the activity of
A. Primary meristem
B. Secondary meristem
C. Intercalary meristem
D. Apical meristem

Answer 1

Hint: The group of cells that have a common origin and function is called a tissue. The tissue is of two types such as simple and complex that depends on the constitution of cells. On the basis of dividing activity, the tissue is of two types such as meristematic and permanent.

Complete answer:
Meristematic tissue is simple tissue, that is composed of similar and immature cells that divide actively and form new cells. Depending on the origin, meristematic tissues are of two types such as primary and secondary.
1. Primary meristem: This meristematic tissue is arising directly from the meristem of the embryo, it is further subdivided into three types which depend upon their position that name as apical, intercalary, and lateral meristem.
a. Apical meristem found on the tip of the root, stem, and branches and it produces growth in the length.
b. Intercalary meristem arises from apical meristem, which is separated from them by the formation of permanent tissue in between. It provides elongation in the organs.
c. Lateral meristem:- This tissue present on the side of the plant and increase the girth of the plant, intrafascicular cambium is the only primary lateral meristem found. Cambium lies in the vascular bundle of dicot plants.
2. Secondary meristem: This tissue is formed from the permanent tissue by the help dedifferentiation process. It is usually lateral in origin, this tissue gives rise to secondary growth via secondary tissue, for example:- vascular cambium in roots, interfascicular in stem phellogen in the outer cortex.
So that in bamboo, grass, and mint stem elongate by the activity of Intercalary meristem, which is present in the node of stem branches and base of leaves of the plant.
Hence, the correct Option is C.

Note: Permanent tissue is made up of a similar type of permanent cell that performs a similar function and it is of three types named parenchyma (most abundant), collenchyma (refractile tissue), and sclerenchyma (supportive tissue).