Question

How many autosomal chromosome pairs does a human have?

Answer 1

Hint: Any chromosome excluding the allosome or the sex chromosome is known as the autosome. In a diploid cell, all the fellows of an autosomal pair share similar morphology as compared to the autosome pair which might differ in their structures.

Complete answer:
Humans consist of a diploid genome consisting of 22 autosomal pairs and one pair of sex chromosome. So, in total there are 46 chromosomes present. As per their size in base pairs, autosomes are labelled from 1 to 22 in the human beings.
All the 22 pairs of the autosomal chromosomes are homologous with each other. Moreover, these 22 pairs of the autosomal chromosomes are further categorized into two groups of genes based on their inheritance pattern. The two classifications are thus autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive.
Autosomal dominant: The genes falling under this category can be expressed even if they are passed onto the offspring from only one parent. On the other hand in case of genes falling under autosomal recessive category, the genes could only be expressed in conditions when offspring receive single copy of the gene to be expressed from both of the parents that is the homologous chromosomes in the offspring consists of the same genes inherited, one copy from the mother and one copy from the father. Different traits are coded by these genes.

Note: The nondisjunction of chromosomes in the germ cells of the parents or the Mendelian inheritance of the parental lethal alleles can result in autosomal genetic disorders. The autosomal genetic disorders exhibiting the Mendelian inheritance can either be inherited in an autosomal recessive or the autosomal dominant manner.