Question

Assertion: Asexual reproduction involves formation of clones of an organism.
Reason: Clones are morphologically and genetically similar individuals.

Answer 1

Hint: We know that, Asexual reproduction is a mode of reproduction that does not involve fusion of gametes or change in number of chromosomes.
Offspring arising from unicellular or multicellular organisms inherit the full set of genes of their single parent.
Some of the asexual methods- binary fission, fragmentation, spore formation.
Eukaryotes including plants, animals and fungi can also produce asexually while all prokaryotes reproduce without the formation of gametes.

Complete answer:
A) Both assertion and reason are correct and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.
When offspring are formed from a single parent without fusion of gametes is called asexual reproduction.
Asexual reproducing organisms can suffer a lack of diversity- but they can reproduce faster than sexually reproducing organisms.
Example- bacteria like archaebacteria and protists some fungi.
Modes like budding are a very common method of reproduction in hydra; where the buds grow fully matured individuals which break away to form a new organism.
Whereas clones are exact copies of parents.
Option A is not correct.
B) Both assertion and reason are correct but reason is not the correct explanation for assertion.
As we know, Clones are a group of morphological and genetically similar copies of their parents.
So, Offspring produced through asexual reproduction may vary in some morphological characteristics.
A single individual can find a new population without the need for a mate. In vertebrates, the most common form of asexual is parthenogenesis but it cannot produce clones.
So, option B is correct.
C) Assertion is correct but reason is incorrect.
Both the statements are equally correct.
So, option C is incorrect.
D) Both assertion and reason are incorrect.
No, this option is incorrect as both the statements are equally correct.
So, option D is not correct.

Note:
Cloning the process of identical copy of an organism through copying DNA fragments. Cloning is defined broadly for duplication of any kind of biological material for scientific study purposes. Such a piece of DNA is replicated by a process we know as PCR.
Cloning can also create ethical controversy involving the generation of cloned embryos.
It is done to avoid genetic defects of both animals and lower- level organisms.
Vegetative propagation, spore formation in fungi (conidial fungi) and red algae polysiphonia are some examples of spore formation.
Fragmentation is another form of asexual reproduction where a new organism grows from a fragment of the parent. Each fragment develops into a mature, fully grown individual.