Question

What are the factors which influence enzyme activity? Discuss them in brief.

Answer 1

Hint:An enzyme is a living catalyst and is almost invariably a protein. It promotes the movement of a particular biochemical reaction in the cell. The catalyst is not destroyed throughout the reaction and is utilized over and over.

Complete answer:
The circumstances concerning enzyme action are:
The enzyme concentration: The enzyme action rises with an improvement in enzyme concentration as more catalyst means more substrate can be turned to the product.
The substrate concentration: The enzyme action rises with an improvement in substrate strength up to the most limit after which no more positions are open for more substrate particles to attach to the enzyme.
Temperature: All catalysts operate within the area of optimum temperature. Temperatures higher or lower than the maximum temperature produces a decrease in enzyme action.
pH: Catalysts have an excellent pH for them to work and cannot work under different pH circumstances. For example, pepsin works in an acidic pH.
Activators: Some metal atoms (cations) or anions serve as activators and are essential for maximum enzyme action. E,g: chloride ion is required for amylase to function.

Additional Information: Each kind of catalyst typically only responds with one, or a pair, of substrates. Some catalysts are more particular than others and will only allow one specific substrate. Other catalysts can work on a range of particles, as long as they hold the kind of bond or chemical combination that the catalyst targets.

Note:Enzymes are utilised to create and develop nearly 400 everyday consumer and industrial products. They are utilized in foods and beverages processing, mammal diet, textiles, household sanitation and combustible for cars and energy production.