Question

What are called fundamental rights? How many Fundamental Rights are mentioned in the Constitution? Why are they important?

Answer 1

Hint: In the Constitution of India, Part III (Articles 12 to 35) are assigned to deal with fundamental rights.

Complete step by step answer: The fundamental rights include basic human rights such as the right to equality before the law, freedom of speech and expression, right against exploitation, freedom of religion, cultural and educational rights and right to constitutional remedies. These rights are very important because these ensure they must have individual rights. These rights guarantee the dignity and liberty of a citizen. It makes the citizen aware that they cannot be exploited on any basis. In case a violation of any of these rights takes place, the individual can reach the court and ask for a remedy. There are various writs that can be filed if and when a fundamental right is violated. These are Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Certiorari and Quo Warranto. There are six fundamental rights in the Indian Constitution.
All the fundamental rights were mentioned in the constitution to ensure justice and equality for all its citizens irrespective of their gender, class, caste, race, religion, region or status in society. These state discrimination as a serious threat and hence punishable by law.

Note: The fundamental rights can be suspended in case of a national emergency. However, there are two exceptions. These are article 20 and article 21 which guarantee the right for protection in respect of conviction for offences and right to life and personal liberty respectively.