Question

All the relationship between the two organisms or species in which both the partners derive benefit from each other is known as
(a) Parasitism
(b) Symbiosis
(c) Commensalism
(d) None of the above

Answer 1

Hint: A major example of this is the relationship between trees and mycorrhizae, where trees provide photosynthetic products to mycorrhizae and in turn, mycorrhizae provide better absorption of water and minerals to trees.

Complete Step by Step Answer:
Mutualism is the relationship between the two organisms or species in which both the partners derive benefit from each other. In mutualism, there are no negative effects on any side of the relationship. Mutualistic relationships are important in maintaining the balance of the ecology.

Additional information:
- Another major example of mutualism is the interaction between leguminous plants and rhizobia bacteria, where the rhizobia fix nitrogen and provide it to plants in a useful form and in turn leguminous plants provide food and shelter for rhizobia.
Parasitism: A symbiotic relationship between two organisms where one organism(parasite) lives on or in another organism (host) , in which the parasite organism benefits by gaining food and shelter from the host.
- A major example of parasitism is tapeworms(parasites) which live in the intestines of humans(hosts) and feed on the nutrition from the host.
Symbiosis: A symbiotic relationship between two organisms where at least one organism benefits and the second organism may have partial benefit.
- A prominent example is the interaction between the clownfish and the sea anemone, where the sea anemone provides shelter and protection for clownfish.
Commensalism: A biological interaction between two species, where the commensal species have the benefit and the host species remains unchanged or neutral.
So, the correct answer is ‘None of the above’.

Note:
- In parasitism, the overexploitation of parasites can lead to the death of the host.
- Humans have both parasitism and symbiosis relationships in the human gut where pinworms and tapeworms are parasites and gut microbes are symbiotes.
- A example of commensalism is the interaction between remora fish and sharks, where remora attaches to sharks and the shark provides transportation.