Question

Aldolase is found in
(a)Mitochondria
(b) Chloroplast
(c) Cytoplasm
(d)Nucleus

Answer 1

Hint: Aldolase is fructose bisphosphate aldolase. It is an enzyme that is encoded by the ALOA gene on chromosome 16 in humans. It encodes the protein which is the glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the reversible conversion of fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate to glyceraldehyde 3- phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate.

Complete answer:
The process of glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm and aldolase is the important enzyme for glycolysis. Therefore aldolase is found in the cytoplasm. The enzyme is found in all cells and is most common in the brain, liver tissues, and muscles. ALDOA is an enzyme that is vital for the 4th step of glycolysis and the reverse pathway gluconeogenesis. The higher amount of aldolase results in liver damage or a sign of muscle damage. Aldolase blood test is to diagnose and monitor the conditions related to skeletal muscles. Aldolase B is found in the liver. It is also present at the lower levels in kidney and intestinal cells.

Additional Information: Mitochondria: It is a membrane-bound organelle that presents eukaryotes and functions that generate large quantities of energy which is in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). They store calcium for cell signaling activities and generate heat which mediates cell growth and death. They have two distinct membranes and a unique genome, they reproduce by binary fission. Mitochondria share an evolutionary past with prokaryotes. The outer membrane is permeable to small molecules and consists of special channels for the transportation of large molecules.
Chloroplast: Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis. They are a type of plastids and are round or disc-shaped in structure. They differ from plastids as they consist of green colour which results in the presence of two pigments that are chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b. In plants, they are generally present in the parenchyma cells of leaf mesophyll. They are present between the double membranes i.e. the outer and inner layers. the gap between the layers is known as the intermembrane space. The third membrane is folded and is characterized by the presence of closed disc which is known as thylakoids.
Nucleus: The nucleus is a double membrane structure which is a specialized structure in most cells. The membrane has pores which permit the entrance of large molecules. It controls and regulates the activities of cell growth and metabolism. There are small bodies within the nucleus known as nucleoli. Nucleoplasm is the matrix in the nucleus.
So, the correct answer is 'cytoplasm'.

Note: Oxymonad is the only eukaryotic organism that does not contain mitochondria. All prokaryotic cells do not have membrane-bound organelles. Some organelle are big enough that day can be seen with a light microscope. Mitochondria can cause mitochondrial disease if it stops producing energy. Cytoplasmic DNA and RNA can be damaged which is associated with Parkinson’s disease.