Question

What is the absolute mass and charge of a proton $ ? $

Answer 1

Hint :Atoms are made up of subatomic particles like protons, neutrons and electrons. Protons and neutrons are present in the nucleus of the atom whereas electrons are found on its orbitals. Protons are positively charged and denoted as p or $ {p^ + } $ .The sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus gives the mass number of an atom and is collectively called as nucleons.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
A proton is a positively charged subatomic particle found in the atomic nucleus. It has an elementary charge of $ + 1e $ . The charge of an electron is the same as that of a proton except for sign.
We know that a hydrogen atom consists of a proton and an electron. When the atom gets ionised and loses the electron, it has only a proton left in its nucleus.
 $ H\, \to {H^ + } + \mathop e\limits^\_ \, $
Therefore a proton can be referred to as hydrogen nucleus $ ({H^ + }) $ . Thus, the mass of the proton will be equal to the mass of the hydrogen atom.
Mass of $ 1 $ mole of H atom $ = \,1.007\,g $
Mass of $ 1 $ proton $ = \dfrac{{1.007\,g}}{{6.022 \times {{10}^{23}}}}\,\, = \,1.67 \times {10^{ - 24}}g $
The absolute mass of the proton is $ 1.67 \times {10^{ - 27}}kg $ .
The absolute charge of a proton is $ 1.6 \times {10^{ - 19}}C $ . This is the value of an elementary charge (e) and when expressed in atomic units, it takes the value of unity , $ + 1 $ .

Note :
The number of protons in a nucleus gives the atomic number (Z) of an atom. The sum of protons and neutrons gives the mass number (A) of an atom.
Protons have the same charge as that of electrons but they differ in sign. But a proton is much heavier than an electron. It is around $ 1,836 $ times heavier than an electron.