Question

A human product that is being made in genetically engineered microorganisms included
A. Human growth hormone
B. Insulin
C. Tissue plasminogen activator
D. All of these

Answer 1

Hint: Growth hormone is naturally secreted from the anterior pituitary gland. This hormone is required for the normal growth of the body.Insulin is a pancreatic hormone. It is secreted by the beta cells of islets of langerhans. It is a hypoglycemic hormone and plays a crucial role in maintaining the blood sugar levels. Tissue plasminogen activator is protein. The gene encoding this hormone is the PLAT gene on chromosome 8. Genetic engineering allows us to change the genetic structure of an organism using recombinant DNA technology.

Complete answer:
Saizen is the name given to the genetically engineered growth hormone. Saizen resembles growth hormone’s physical and chemical properties. It is a highly purified form of growth hormone designed to fulfil the lack.
Humans have developed human insulin in labs. Genetically engineered insulin was first designed by the Eli-Lilly company of the US in 1978.
Human insulin consists of A and B chains. The genetically engineered insulin consists of A, B and C peptides. The C peptide holds the A and B peptides together. This is the inactive form. When it is administered inside the body, the C peptide gets eliminated and the insulin is activated only with A and B peptides.
The recombinant tissue plasminogen activator is known as r-tpa. Plasminogen is an anti coagulating protein. The tissue plasminogen activates plasminogen thus, leading to fibrinolysis. Thus, when a clot is formed, due to any reason, r- tpa can be used to dissolve the clot. Thus it prevents the patient from stroking out.
The correct answer is Option D.

Note: Genetech is a company that studies tissue plasminogen activators. Genetic engineering has enabled us to synthesize insulin in great quantities and tackle diabetes, a major illness with increasing prevalence. Insulin was earlier obtained from horses and cows which was not accepted universally.