Important Questions for CBSE Class 7 Science Chapter 7 - Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals to Climate (Not in Current Syllabus)

Very Short Answer Questions (1 mark)
1. Which governmental agency prepares reports on weather and on what basis do they do so?

Ans: The Indian Meteorological Department prepares the weather reports. Reports provided are based on information such as temperature, wind, and rainfall.

2. What is a rain gauge? How does it work?

Ans: A rain gauge is a device that measures rainfall. It's a measuring cylinder with a rainwater collection funnel at the top.

3. What are maximum and minimum thermometers?

Ans: Maximum and minimum thermometers are specialised thermometers that are used to determine the highest and lowest temperatures in a given location. The maximum temperature is normally measured in the afternoon, while the lowest temperature is usually measured late at night or early in the morning.

4. What is adaptation?

Ans: The process through which living beings changes and evolves over time to acquire characteristics that are better adapted to the environment in which they live. Physical and physiological traits that help an organism live better in its environment are also referred to as adaptations.

5. Which animals escape to warmer places to escape inhospitable conditions? How do they understand the direction?

Ans: Birds such as the Siberian crane, as well as some mammals, fish, and invertebrates, migrate to warmer climates to avoid harsh conditions. They may be directed by directional landmarks, the earth's magnetic field, or even the sun and stars.

Short Answer Questions (3 marks)

6. What is the weather?

Ans: The weather of a place refers to the day-to-day state of the atmosphere in terms of temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind speed, and other factors. The elements of the weather are the variables that are measured, such as temperature, rainfall, and so on.

The weather is not always predictable. It can alter in a single day, as well as across days, months, seasons, and years.

7. Explain climate.

Ans: Climate refers to a place's average weather pattern over a lengthy period of time. Because the climate is an average measure of weather patterns, it does not vary as frequently as the weather. The climate of a location is determined by its altitude, latitude, and closeness to the sea, among other factors.

8. Explain how the sun affects the weather and climate of a region.

Ans: Sun is the source of heat and light on the earth. Sun affects the physical as well as biological changes in our environment. The sun heats up the earth’s surface as well as the air around us. The time of the year in which the sunlight falls for a longer duration is longer and warmer. We call it summer. On the other hand, in winters the duration of sunlight is shorter and the air around us is colder.

9. Differentiate between desert climate and wet climate.

Ans: Differences between the desert and wet climates are as follows: 

10. Why does the Siberian crane visit Bharatpur in India during winters?

Ans: Siberian cranes are mostly found in the Siberian region. The majority of the year is cold in this corner of the world. The winters in this area, however, are harsh. The temperature drops precipitously. The majority of the creatures that reside in this area are also suited to the winter climate. The Siberian crane, on the other hand, does not appear to have made any adaptations to endure Siberia's harsh winters. As a result, it migrates to warmer climates, such as Bharatpur in India, to avoid the bitter cold. It normally travels at higher altitudes to disperse the heat produced by the flight.

Long Answer Questions (5 marks)

11. Explain how the polar bear is adapted to its climate.

Ans: The polar bear is a species of animal that has evolved to live in the Polar Regions.

1. It possesses white fur, which allows the polar bear to blend in with the snow and prevents the prey from recognising it.

2. The fur is extremely thick in order to provide insulation from the cold.

3. There is a layer of fat beneath the thick fur. This helps to insulate and protect you from the cold.

4. It has large, curved, and sharp claws on its paws. This is beneficial for both swimming and walking in the snow.

5. It can close its nostrils and hold its breath for a long time while swimming. This allows the polar bear to stay underwater for an extended period of time.

6. It also possesses a keen sense of smell, allowing it to track and catch its prey with ease.

12. Explain the adaptations of the Indian elephant to its climate.

Ans: The Indian elephant is a tropical rainforest animal. It has the following adaptations: 

1. Its nose has been transformed into a lengthy trunk. As a result, their sense of smell is enhanced.

2. The trunk serves as an extra leg for picking up food and other items.

3. Tusks are modified teeth that aid in the tearing of tree bark.

4. Since the ears are large and broad, they are extremely sensitive to sound.

5. The elephant's ears also help it keep cool by regulating its body temperature. This is important, especially in the hot areas.