Question

Write‌ ‌the‌ ‌main‌ ‌functions‌ ‌of‌ ‌gibberellins.‌ ‌

Answer 1

Hint: Gibberellins are plant hormones that control and coordinate different developmental processes. It helps in increasing height of plants and it sometimes affects the health of plants. It also helps in removing dwarfism in some plants.

Complete answer:
Gibberellins (GA) are the largest class of plant hormones that are required for plant growth processes which are elongation, germination, dormancy, senescence, etc. These are produced inside the plants as well as can be made artificially. Naturally gibberellins are obtained from fungi.
Examples of GAs are GA1, GA2, etc.
All gibberellins are produced by the terpenoid pathway in plastids and Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) modifies them to come in biologically-active form. These are tetracyclic diterpene acids having a number of carbon atoms either 19 or 20.
Gibberellins are involved in the breaking of dormancy and germination. Before the photosynthetic system develops fully new plants get nourishment from reserved food in the form of starch.
Higher concentration of gibberellins can inhibit root growth, which can be beneficial in plant tissue culture.
Gibberellins help in elongation of internodes, which overall increase height of plants. In some plants, genetic dwarfism can be overcome with the help of gibberellins hormone which will increase internode distance and hence plants will have longer heights.
Some biennial plants produce flowers only during low temperatures but by using gibberellins, flowers can come irrespective of temperature.
Some gibberellins can be used for fruit ripening naturally as well as artificially.
Some farmers use gibberellins to increase seed germination and to have better crop production.
So, these are the main functions of gibberellin hormones and they can also be used in a variety of fields, industries and institutions for research purposes.

Note: Gibberellins name given to the largest set of hormones having the same function. But its subdivisions are used for specific functioning. Some are responsible for breaking dormancy and help in increasing germination of the seeds. They play a vital role in flowering of some temperature sensitive plants. These GAs are different for different functions and show different properties when used in different concentrations.