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Hint: Cotyledons remain below the soil surface in hypogeal germination while they emerge on to the surface in the epigeal germination.
Complete answer : Let us begin with defining the germination. It is the process of development or emergence of the baby plant from seed. The embryo present in the seed develops to give rise to the baby plant or seedling.
The germination can be of two types, depending on the positioning of the cotyledons or seed leaves:
>If the cotyledons remain below the soil, it is called hypogeal germination
>If the cotyledons emerge on the surface of the soil, is called epigeal germination
Now, let us figure out the differences between these two types of germination:
Note: Both the endosperm and cotyledons are the nutritive tissues. The cotyledons perform a prominent role in nutrition in seedling with seeds showing epigeal germination.
Complete answer : Let us begin with defining the germination. It is the process of development or emergence of the baby plant from seed. The embryo present in the seed develops to give rise to the baby plant or seedling.
The germination can be of two types, depending on the positioning of the cotyledons or seed leaves:
>If the cotyledons remain below the soil, it is called hypogeal germination
>If the cotyledons emerge on the surface of the soil, is called epigeal germination
Now, let us figure out the differences between these two types of germination:
Epigeal Germination | Hypogeal Germination |
The cotyledons are brought on the surface of the soil along with the shoot | Cotyledons remain below the soil surface |
The hypocotyl has a curved terminal part to protect the plumule as it comes out of the soil | The epicotyl has a curved terminal part to protect the plumule from friction in soil particles |
The hypocotyl grows excessively to bring the cotyledons out of the soil | The hypocotyl does not show much elongation |
The plumule comes out of the seed by the elongation of the hypocotyl | The plumule comes out of the seed by the elongation of the epicotyl |
The energy for the growth comes from the cotyledons | The energy primarily comes from the endosperm |
Epicotyl is short | Epicotyl is long |
The cotyledons turn green and perform photosynthesis | The cotyledons have no role in photosynthesis |
It is generally shown by the dicot seeds | It is generally shown by the monocot seeds |
It occurs in beans, onion, papaya, castor, etc | It occurs in coconut, gram, maize, etc. |
Note: Both the endosperm and cotyledons are the nutritive tissues. The cotyledons perform a prominent role in nutrition in seedling with seeds showing epigeal germination.
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