Question

Which one of the following options gives the correct matching of a disease with its causative organism and mode of infection?
A. Typhoid – Salmonella typhi – with inspired air
B. Pneumonia – Streptococcus pneumoniae – droplet infection
C. Elephantiasis – Wuchereria bancrofti – infected water and food
D. Malaria – Plasmodium vivax – bite of male anopheles mosquito

Answer 1

Hint: Airborne diseases are the diseases are the diseases that spread in the air generally when people with infection cough, sneeze or even talk (in some cases). If the infection is spread through water then it is water-borne. Infections can also spread by direct contact with an infectious person or by vectors that carry the disease causing agents.

Complete answer:
We will see each of the diseases mentioned above and the infectious agents along with the mode of transmission.
First is typhoid. Typhoid is a bacterial infection that is caused by Salmonella typhi. The most common mode of transmission of typhoid is through contaminated food and water. It is more common in places with bad hygiene.
Next is pneumoniae. Pneumonia is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae which is a Gram-positive bacterium. It can also happen because of viral infections and fungi. Pneumonia is an airborne infection that spreads through droplets formed while sneezing or coughing (by an infected person).
Elephantiasis is caused by a parasitic worm called Wuchereria bancrofti. The spread of the infection is through mosquitoes (generally Culex, but even Anopheles and Aedes are known to transmit).
Malaria is one of the most common diseases in the world that is caused by the bite of female Anopheles mosquitoes. The male mosquitoes do not bite. The most common causative agent is Plasmodium vivax but it Is also spread by other species of the genus Plasmodium.

So, the only matching options from the question is the option B - Pneumonia.

Note: Pneumonia is an infection that affects the lungs. When it affects one lung it is called single pneumonia and when it affects both the lungs it is called double pneumonia. It causes inflammation of the air sacs and causes the alveoli to be filled with pus and makes it really hard to breathe.