Question

Which glands secrete sex hormones?
(a) Pancreas, thyroid
(b) Testes, Ovary
(c) Parathyroid, Ovary
(d) Pituitary, Testes

Answer 1

Hint: The gland which produces sex hormones is called gonads and is accountable for the synthesis of ova in females and sperm in males. The role of gonads is to make gametes aimed at reproduction.

Complete answer:
The male reproductive system consists of a pair of testes. The scrotum is the sac-like structure where the testis is located. In testis, the testicular lobules are the small compartments present that are around 250 in number. In each testicular lobule around one to three seminiferous tubules are present. The seminiferous tubule of individuals consisted of male germ cells and Sertoli cells. The seminiferous tubule consists of blood vessels and Leydig cells in their exterior region. Leydig cells are the place where the male sex hormones collectively called androgens (major androgens synthesized in our body: testosterone, 5α-Dihydrotestosterone, dehydroepiandrostenedione (DHEA)) are synthesized.
Female sex hormones, progesterone, and estrogen are synthesized in the ovary. The main estrogen types synthesized in our body include 17ß-estradiol, estriol, and estrone.

The above figure represents the image of the testis and ovary
-Androgens play an important role in the development of both males and females.
-Androgens exert significant biological activity in the prostate, reproductive system, bone, adipose tissue, muscle, cardiovascular, neural, hemopoietic, and immune system.
-Androgens play an important role in the growth as well as in the development of male reproductive organs. Furthermore, it plays an important role in the deepening of the male voice and the development of body hairs.
-Estrogen is responsible for the development of breasts and the reproductive system.
-Progesterone aids in the endometrial preparation post ovulation which is designated for the likely occurrence of the pregnancy.

So, the correct answer is Testes, Ovary.

Note:
Androstenedione is converted to testosterone in adrenal zona reticularis in males. In females, Androstenedione is converted to estrone and estradiol in granulosa cells by the enzyme P450 aromatase.