Question

What is the formula for chloric acid?

Answer 1

Hint: The name “chloric acid” itself suggests that it is an acid that means that it has a hydrogen atom which can be donated easily. Chloric acid is a strong acid and has strong oxidizing properties. The chloric acid is formed from the chlorate salts.

Complete answer:
The chloric acid is an oxoacid of chlorine and it is formed by the chlorate salts. It has high oxidizing properties and it acts as a strong acid. It is a colourless liquid. It can be prepared by the reaction between barium chlorate with dilute sulfuric acids. It is formed during the decomposition of aqueous solution of chlorine dioxide.
Reaction occurs during the preparation of chloric acids:
\[Ba{(Cl{O_3})_2}\, + \,{H_2}S{O_4} \to \,2HCl{O_3}\, + \,BaS{O_4}\]
Another method used for the preparation of chloric acids is the heating of hypochlorous acids which produces chloric acids and the hydrogen chloride.
Reaction:
\[3\,HClO \to \,HCl{O_3}\, + \,2HCl\]
 The chloric acid is thermodynamically unstable but it is stable in cold aqueous solution of concentration up to \[30\% \] and in solution up to\[40\% \]. It can be prepared by solution by evaporation under reduced pressure. Above these concentrations, it can decompose and give a variety of products.
Example-
\[8\,HCl{O_3} \to 4HCl{O_4}\, + \,\,2{H_2}O\, + \,2C{l_2} + \,3{O_2}\]
\[3\,HCl{O_3} \to HCl{O_4}\, + \,\,{H_2}O\, + \,2Cl{O_2}\]
The chemical formula of chloric acid is \[HCl{O_3}\]
Structure of chloric acids is

There are many application of chloric acids solutions:
-It is used in the synthesis of crystals of anhydrous mercurous chlorate.
-It is considered as the stable precursor to chlorine dioxide. It is used in the electrochemical production of high purity ammonium perchlorate.
-It is also used as a reagent in the making of other chemicals.

Note:
The chloric acid is a highly powerful oxidizing agent and hazardous in nature. Most of the organic flammable deflagrate on contact with chloric acids. It will accelerate the burning of combustible material and can ignite the compound when come in contact with it.