Question

Universal blood donor group is
A) A
B) B
C) AB
D) O

Answer 1

Hint: This form of blood does not have markers A or B, but it has factor Rh. It is usually in low supply and in high hospital demand because it is the most common sort of blood.

Complete Answer:
- Blood classification is based on the lack or presence of antigens, which are immune response-initiating compounds.
- Healthy blood transfusions typically rely on thorough and accurate typing and crossmatching of blood since certain antigens can stimulate the immune system of the body to target the donated blood.
- The absence or presence of two antigens (A and B) on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs) is determined by four main blood groups and they are A, B, AB, O blood groups.
- The way of moving blood into an intravenous ( IV ) line and into the blood vessels is blood transfusion. During surgery or in critical accidents, a blood transfusion is normally performed to replenish blood loss.
- Blood from donors is typically combined with the recipient's blood to confirm blood match. This testing of pretransfusion is called crossmatching. Crossmatching, however, cannot always be practised, particularly in emergency scenarios.

Now, let us find the solution from the options-
- Individuals that adhere to blood group A have A antigens on their RBCs' surface and in their blood plasma B antibodies are present.
- Individuals that adhere to blood group B have B antigens on the surface of their RBCs and in their blood plasma A antibodies are present.
- Individuals who adhere to the blood group AB have both A and B antigens on the RBCs surface, but their blood plasma does not include both A and B antibodies.
- On the surface of the red blood cells, type O blood lacks antigens. This ensures that, since there is no antigen to respond towards, our immune system will not respond to the blood. Similarly, on the outside of the blood cells, Rh negative blood lacks the Rh antigens, but once again there are no proteins to respond against our immune system.
- This absence of antigens means that in people of any blood type, type O blood can be transfused; thus, this blood group is referred to as a universal blood donor.

Thus, the correct answer is option (D) O.

Note: While the most uncommon type of blood is blood type AB. If an individual has blood type AB, donors that have blood types AB, A, B, or O may receive blood. As there are A and B antigens in individuals with type AB blood, they may not refuse either blood type. Instead of being foreign, their immune system typically identifies other forms of blood. Those of type O blood may not have any antigens, so they are known to be the universal donors of blood because there will be no reactions.