Question

What do you understand by genetic diversity, species diversity and ecological diversity?

Answer 1

Hint: The richness and diversity of life on the earth is referred to as biodiversity. It is the most complex and important aspect of our world. Life could not exist without biodiversity. It is critical in both natural and man-made ecosystems.
The quantity of various creatures and their relative frequencies in an ecosystem are referred to as biodiversity. It also reflects how organisms are organised at various levels.

Complete answer:
1. Genetic diversity- Within the same species, genetic diversity means a greater number of genetically diverse individuals. It is the process by which a population of organisms adapts to changing conditions. More genetic variation indicates that there are more individuals with a variety of alleles to assist organisms survive in a changing environment. These people are most likely to have offspring with the same alleles. When such genetically adapted people survive for a generation, they also ensure the survival of their species.
2. Species diversity- Species diversity refers to the number of different species present in a community. The number of equally abundant species required to obtain the same mean proportional species abundance as shown in the dataset under investigation is known as the effective number of species.
3. Ecological diversity- Living and nonliving animals, as well as their interactions, make up an ecosystem. The diversity of plant and animal species that coexist and are linked by food webs and food chains is referred to as ecological biodiversity.
It is the diversity observed among a region's many ecosystems. Ecological diversity can be found in a variety of environments, such as deserts, rainforests, and mangroves.

Note:
Importance of biodiversity-
1. Ecological stability: In an ecosystem, each species plays a specialised purpose. They create and break down organic matter as well as capturing and storing energy. The ecosystem provides services that humans cannot live without.
2. Economic importance: Biodiversity serves as a source of resources for the production of foods, cosmetics, and medications.
3. Ethical importance: Every species has the right to exist. Humans should not be the ones to put them out of business. Biodiversity protects various civilizations and spiritual traditions. As a result, biodiversity conservation is critical.