Question

When two species of different genealogy come to resemble each other as a result of adaptation, the phenomenon is termed ____
(A) Convergent evolution
(B) Divergent evolution
(C) Microevolution
(D) Co-evolution

Answer 1

Hint: When two different species which do not have a common ancestor that belongs to different geneology come to resemble each other because of similar function or to adapt to similar habitat is known as convergent evolution.
Step by step solution:
Any cumulative or net change in an organism's or population's features over a long period of time is considered evolution, or descent with modification. It specifically takes both the beginning and the spread of alleles, variations, trait values, or character states into account.
Changes in heritable traits—an organism's hereditary characteristics—are the means through which organisms evolve. For instance, eye colour is a heritable trait in humans, and a person may get the "brown-eye trait" from one of their parents. Convergent evolution, as used in evolutionary biology, is the process through which dissimilarly related animals independently develop comparable features to meet comparable needs.
Divergent evolution is the process through which various species with similar origins evolve distinct features in order to adapt to various environmental demands and conditions. Changes in a gene's frequency in a population are referred to as microevolution.
These are minute adjustments that can happen quickly and may not be noticeable to a casual observer. The reciprocal evolutionary change that occurs throughout time as a result of interactions between a group of interacting populations is known as coevolution. The populations that interact most frequently are those of distinct species, such as host-parasite, predator-prey, or plant-pollinator.
When animals that are not closely related independently develop similar traits as a result of needing to adapt to comparable habitats or ecological niches, this process is known as convergence evolution. Analogous structures that have a similar form or function but were absent from that group's most recent common ancestor are created via convergent evolution. As a result, two species with dissimilar genealogy—a continuous line of descent—show similarities as a result of similar adaption. Convergent evolution describes the phenomenon.
So, option (A) is correct.
Note: Convergent evolution, as used in evolutionary biology, is the process through which unrelated (i.e., monophyletic) organisms independently develop comparable traits as a result of needing to adapt to related environments or ecological niches.