Question

Turpentine oil can be purified by:
A.steam distillation
B.vacuum distillation
C.fractional distillation
D.sublimation

Answer 1

Hint: Organic compounds contain carbon-hydrogen bonds. It has a lot of impurities. To purify the organic compounds, we can use many purification methods, and using them we can easily extract the impurity.

Complete step by step answer:
Purification states that remove the unwanted particles from the compound. As we know, there are many purification methods available today.
Like, steam distillation, vacuum distillation, fractional distillation, sublimation, crystallization, chromatography, etc.
Let's discuss four of them,
Steam distillation- In this purification method distilling water is used with the non-volatile and volatile component. In this process, the steam of water takes the vapor of the volatile substance. After it, both cooled and came into the liquid and solid states. Whereas non-volatile remains behind the container.
Vacuum distillation- This method works according to the atmospheric pressure. In which pressure reduced, and the compound separated based on its different boiling points.
Fractional distillation-In this method, the compound heats up and separates. During this process, fractions or parts become vaporized.
Sublimation-When the solid directly converts into gases, it is called sublimation.
Turpentine oil-It is a type of oil, which is made from a pine tree. It is used for medical purposes.
Here, as we know, turpentine oil is a mixture of volatile and non-volatile components. And its boiling point is between ${90^o} - {115^o}$ so it is not mixed with water easily. Therefore, steam distillation is used to purify it.

Note:
Atmospheric pressure- The pressure of the atmosphere to the earth. It is also called barometric pressure. Its symbol is $atm$ and the unit is Pascal. Boiling point- It is the temperature point where any substance changes its liquid state to vapor.