Question

What is transcription? What are different parts of the DNA transcription unit?
What is their role in the process of transcription?

Answer 1

Hint: In the gene expression on the particular segments DNA is copied from the RNA by the RNA polymerase enzyme process known as the transcription. RNA polymerase reads the DNA sequence which produces an antiparallel RNA strand complementary strand also called as primary transcript.

Complete answer:
Transcription is the process in which new strands of the DNA are formed from the RNA by the RNA synthesis polymerase. The function of the RNA polymerase begins mRNA synthesis mating the generated complementary bases to the original strand of the DNA.
Transcription unit is described as a when the stretch of DNA transcribes into an RNA molecule and encodes at least one gene. If the proteins encoded by the gene the mRNA produced the process transcription and serve as a template for the protein synthesis through the process translation.
Steps involved into the transcription process:-
> General transcription factors one or more present in the RNA polymerase and bind to the promoter DNA.
> Two strands of DNA helix separated by the transcription bubble present in the RNA polymerase process happened by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the complementary strands of DNA nucleotides.
> RNA polymerase to form an RNA strand by assisting from the RNA sugar phosphate backbone.
> The polyadenylation, splicing and capping process occur if the cell nucleus is present in the RNA.

Note: There are three major steps involved in the process of the transaction initiation, elongation and termination. Promoter sequence of the DNA which is bound to the protein and initiates the transcription of a single RNA from the DNA downstream. The RNA encodes with proteins or can have functions such as tRNA, mRNA and rRNA.