Question

Tonoplast, a differentially permeable membrane surrounds
A. Vacuole
B. Nucleus
C. cytoplasm
D. Lysosome

Answer 1

Hint: Cell, which is the unit of life. There are different types of cell organelles are present which all have a special type of cell membrane. The covering membrane is biologically termed as plast. In the question the given term tonoplast, for which first we have to think about the meaning of the term tono.

Complete answer:
Firstly the membrane-bound organelles are – endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, Mitochondria, microbodies & vacuole. The non-membrane bound organelles are- ribosomes, centrioles.
According to options we have answered the questions i.e the covering of nucleus is the nuclear membrane, coverings of cytoplasm are plasma membrane, and covering of vacuole is tonoplast and lysosome is Golgi apparatus.

So A is the correct option.

Additional information:
The vacuole is the membrane-bound space which is only found in the cytoplasm. It contains some useless materials for the cell that is water, sap, excretory product and other materials. The vacuole is bound by a single membrane termed as tonoplast. The vacuoles can occupy up to 90 percent of the volume of the cell in the plant cell.
 The tonoplast facilitates the transport of a number of ions, inorganic and some organic materials against concentration gradients into the vacuole, hence their concentration is significantly higher in the vacuole than in the cytoplasm.
In Amoeba the contractile vacuole is important for excretion. In many cells, as in protists. food vacuoles are formed by engulfing the food particles.

Note: We have to remember that all organelles which have outer covering are termed as either membrane or plast. We must know the meaning of terms like plasma which means cytoplasm, tono means vacuole, E.R. means endoplasmic reticulum etc. Then it is easy for any type of term related questions.