
The wavelength of an electron and of a photon of same energy are related by:
Answer
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Hint: This problem can be solved by using the direct formula for the wavelength of a body in terms of its momentum (which can be related to the energy) and the wavelength of a photon in terms of its energy. Hence, we can get the required relation between the wavelength of an electron and a photon.
Formula used:
Complete step-by-step answer:
We will use the formula for the wavelength of a photon of a certain energy and the wavelength of a particle of certain momentum and relate the momentum with the kinetic energy.
Now, let us analyze the question.
The wavelength of the photon is .
The wavelength of the electron is .
Let the momentum of the electron be .
The energy of the photon and the electron both are .
Now, the wavelength of a photon is related to its energy as
--(1)
Where is the Planck’s constant and is the speed of light in vacuum.
Therefore, using (1), we get
--(2)
The wavelength of a body having momentum is given by
--(3)
Where is the Planck’s constant.
Using (3), we get
--(4)
Now, the momentum and kinetic energy of a body of mass is related as
--(5)
Therefore, using (5), we get
--(6)
Where is the mass of the electron.
Putting (6) in (4), we get
Squaring both sides we get
--(7)
Equating (2) and (7), we get
Where is a constant.
Hence, we have got the required relation as .
Therefore, the correct option is .
Note: We could have also solved this problem by determining the proportionalities between the energy and the wavelengths of the electron and the photon separately as two equations and then combine them to get the relation of the proportionality of between the wavelength of the photon. This method would have removed the unnecessary variables from the calculation. However, it is difficult to always recall the proportionality relations and hence, it is best to go step by step and derive the result to avoid mistakes that can happen while writing the direct proportionality relations from memory.
Formula used:
Complete step-by-step answer:
We will use the formula for the wavelength of a photon of a certain energy and the wavelength of a particle of certain momentum and relate the momentum with the kinetic energy.
Now, let us analyze the question.
The wavelength of the photon is
The wavelength of the electron is
Let the momentum of the electron be
The energy of the photon and the electron both are
Now, the wavelength
Where
Therefore, using (1), we get
The wavelength
Where
Using (3), we get
Now, the momentum
Therefore, using (5), we get
Where
Putting (6) in (4), we get
Squaring both sides we get
Equating (2) and (7), we get
Where
Hence, we have got the required relation as
Therefore, the correct option is
Note: We could have also solved this problem by determining the proportionalities between the energy and the wavelengths of the electron and the photon separately as two equations and then combine them to get the relation of the proportionality of between the wavelength of the photon. This method would have removed the unnecessary variables from the calculation. However, it is difficult to always recall the proportionality relations and hence, it is best to go step by step and derive the result to avoid mistakes that can happen while writing the direct proportionality relations from memory.
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