Question

The process of obtaining food for amoeba is
A. Dialysis
B. Cytokinesis
C. Phagocytosis
D. Endocytosis

Answer 1

Hint: Some lower unicellular eukaryotic organisms capture the food particles with the help of the membrane.

Complete step-by-step answer:
The process in which the food particles are brought inside the cell by surrounding the material with the cell membrane is called endocytosis. It occurs mostly in the case of amoeba and paramecium.

Additional information:
-Amoeba is a unicellular organism that can change its shape by the movement of its pseudopodia.
-Amoeba ingests its food typically by the process of phagocytosis by wrapping the food particles with membrane and engulfing it.
-They do not have mouth or anus, but ingestion and excretion occur through pseudopodia.
-The ingested food which is surrounded by the cell membrane will later break off from the cell membrane and form a small round body called vesicles which contain food particles inside it.
-Endocytosis can be classified into two types:
Pinocytosis – the process of cell drinking where the cell membrane will invaginate around the material and buds off to form a vesicle that is taken off to it’s required place.
Phagocytosis – the process of cell eating where a large membrane binds and engulfs food particles.
So, the correct answer is ‘Endocytosis’.

Note: The term Endocytosis was proposed in 1963 by De Duve while the term Phagocytosis was discovered in 1882 by Elie Metchnikoff. The process of removal of excess wastes from the blood of an organism by the means of the kidney is known as dialysis. Dialysis was discovered by Willem Johan Kolff who was named as the inventor of kidney dialysis and it was performed for the first time in 1943.