Question

The process of filtering blood through an artificial kidney is called______.
A. Transplantation
B. Dialysis
C. Filtration
D. Diffusion

Answer 1

Hint: The main function of Kidney is to filter blood. When the kidney is unable to filter blood then the blood is needed to be purified through a machine. The blood is driven out of the body, filtered and then pumped back to the body.

Complete answer: The main function of the kidney is to filter the blood. The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney. They filter blood by removing wastes and absorbing useful substances like ions and glucose. When the kidney does not function properly or is unable to filter blood, the blood is filtered by machines which work as artificial kidneys. The process by which the blood is filtered artificially is known as dialysis. In this process, the blood is removed from the body and is made to pass through a man-made membrane filter called the artificial kidney. Then the filtered blood is pumped back into the vessel.
a) Transplantation: It is the process that involves replacing damaged or diseased organs or tissues with the new organ.
b) Filtration: It is the process of separating solid wastes from the solution. The process of dialysis involves filtration.
c) Diffusion: It is the movement of ions or molecules (gaseous or liquid) from the region of higher concentration to the region of lower concentration.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Note: The molecules removed through dialysis are excess water, solutes, toxins, nitrogenous wastes. This removal of waste through dialyser is also known as renal replacement therapy. The first successful dialysis was performed in 1943.