Question

The method of directly injecting sperm into the ovum in assisted reproductive technology is called
A. GIFT
B. ZIFT
C. ICSI
D. ET

Answer 1

Hint: It is an effective process mainly for male sterility. It is used in order to prepare the gametes for the obtention of embryos that may be transferred to a maternal uterus.

Complete answer: GIFT: Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) is a process that uses multiple eggs collected from the ovaries. After that, the eggs are placed into a thin flexible tube (catheter) along with the sperm to be used. The gametes (both eggs and sperm) are then injected into the fallopian tubes using a process known as laparoscopy.

ZIFT: Zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT) is a process where it is a combination of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and GIFT. Eggs are stimulated and collected using IVF methods.
Then the eggs are mixed with sperm in the lab. Fertilized eggs (zygotes) are then laparoscopically returned to the fallopian tubes where they will be carried into the uterus.

ICSI: Intracytoplasmic sperm injection is an in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedure.
In this procedure, a single sperm cell is injected directly into the cytoplasm of an egg.

ET: In embryo transfer, embryos are transferred into the uterus through a small tube or catheter. This procedure does not require anesthesia, as it is usually painless.
The embryos are placed in a small amount of fluid inside the catheter, which is threaded through the cervix during a speculum examination.
The embryos are implanted so that they reach below the top part of the uterus.

So, the answer is C. ICSI

Note: Embryo quality is a critical factor affecting the success of IVF.