Question

The function of enterogastrone hormone is
a. To control excretion
b. To inhibit gastric juice secretion
c. Regulate the absorption of food
d. To stimulate gastric glands to release gastric juice.

Answer 1

Hint: The duodenum is the first of the three parts of the small intestine. It receives partially digested food from the stomach and begins with the absorption of nutrients. It is directly attached to the pylorus of the stomach. The duodenum is divided into four parts; superior, descending, inferior, and ascending. Duodenum is located between the stomach and middle part of the small intestine.

Complete answer:
- The best known digestive hormones are of the stomach and duodenum.
- The duodenum is called the first part of the small intestine.
- Location: Between the stomach and the middle part of the small intestine, or jejunum.
- The pepsin mixture that enters the duodenum causes the release of five hormones: secretin, enterogastrone, cholecystokinin, pancreozymin, and villikinin.
- The hormone secreted by the duodenum is secrein. It is a digestive hormone secreted by the walls of the duodenum that regulates gastric acid secretion and maintains pH levels in the duodenum. It is a polypeptide made up of 27 amino acids.
- When fatty food is in the stomach or small intestine it is also released, when sugars and proteins are in the intestine.
- Enterogastrone may slow down the emptying of the stomach by reducing the amount of acid produced.
- When the content of acid rises it causes the valve between the stomach and intestine to relax, allowing food passage.
- The function of enterogastrone is almost the same as GIP [Gastric Inhibitory Peptide]. It inhibits gastric secretion and churning movements of the Stomach.
- Excretion of the human body is controlled by the endocrine system. The excretory system controls the elimination of waste from the body.
- The regulation of absorbed food is maintained by the neural and endocrine system, they stimulate digestive activity through mechanical and chemical activity, that are controlled both extrinsically and intrinsically.
- To stimulate gastric glands to release gastric juice, chemical stimulus directly activates G cells to secrete gastrin.
- The functions of the duodenum are:
- Helps in the neutralization of the acidic gastric juice through the production of alkaline secrets
- Mechanical processing and digestion of chyme
- Mixing bile and pancreatic enzymes and absorption of water, electrolytes, and nutrients
- So, the function of enterogastrone hormone is to inhibit gastric juice secretion

Hence, the correct answer is option (B).

Note: Enterogastrone is a hormone that is secreted by the duodenal mucosa It produces hormones and receives secretions from the liver and pancreas. Duodenum receives partially digested food from the stomach and helps in the chemical digestion of chyme. The regulation of absorbed food is maintained by the neural and endocrine systems.