Question

“The first ionization energy of carbon atom is greater than of boron atom, whereas the reverse is true for the second ionization energy” if true enter 1 else 0.

Answer 1

Hint: Ionization energy in simple terms can be described as a measure of the energy in removing an electron from an atom or ion. The loss of electrons generally happens in the ground state of the chemical species.

Complete step by step solution:
>There are two conditions in the question.
Condition-1 The first ionization energy of carbon is greater than the first ionization energy of boron.
Condition-2 The second ionization energy of carbon is less than the second ionization energy of boron.
> Now, coming to condition-1,
- The electronic configuration of carbon is \[1{{s}^{2}}2{{s}^{2}}2{{p}^{2}}\] and
- The electronic configuration of boron is \[1{{s}^{2}}2{{s}^{2}}2{{p}^{1}}\]
Now, coming to the size of the given atoms, boron is bigger than carbon. So, we can remove one electron easily from boron, and it is a little bit difficult to remove electrons from carbon due to being smaller in size.
So, the first ionization energy of carbon is greater than the first ionization energy of carbon.
> Now, coming to condition-2,
- The electronic configuration of carbon after losing one electron is \[1{{s}^{2}}2{{s}^{2}}2{{p}^{1}}\]and
- The electronic configuration of boron after losing one electron is \[1{{s}^{2}}2{{s}^{2}}2{{p}^{0}}\].
Now, the electrons in 2\[s\] orbital boron are paired. So, it is very difficult to remove the second electron from the boron ion but carbon will lose the second electron very easily when compared to boron ion.
Therefore, the second ionization energy of carbon is less than the second ionization energy of boron.

So, the statement in the question is correct. Enter 1 as the answer.

Note: Don’t be confused with the terms first ionization energy and second ionization energy.
First ionization energy-the energy required to remove the first electron from an atom is called as first ionization energy.
Second ionization energy- the energy required to remove a second electron from an ion is called second ionization energy.