Question

The first biosphere reserve established in India for conserving the gene pool of flora and fauna and the lifestyle of tribal is _________
A. Nilgiri biosphere reserve
B. Nanda Devi biosphere reserve
C. Uttarakhand biosphere reserve
D. Great Nicobar biosphere reserve

Answer 1

Hint: The biosphere reserve that was first formed in India is situated in the Madhumalai state of Tamil Nadu.
Nanda Devi and Uttarakhand are hill areas and Nicobar means the Island Andaman and Nicobar which is a coastal area.

Complete answer: Biosphere reserves are made for multipurpose protection and preserving of genetic diversity in ecosystems of various natural biomes, protection of wildlife, domesticated plant and animal with variable genetic resources, conserving the genetic pool of flora and fauna, protecting the lifestyle of tribal, etc.
India has 18 biosphere reserves to date.
Among all of them, the Nilgiri biosphere reserve was the first to make for the protection of wildlife.
1. Nilgiri biosphere reserve surrounds 5000 square kilometers and includes a large area from Kerala, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu.
2. It was established in 1986.
3. The South Western Ghats of moist deciduous forests, South Western Ghats of montane rain forests, and South Deccan Plateau of dry deciduous forests are three important sub-regions that include the Nilgiri biosphere reserve.
4. The flora or plant that is preserved by this biosphere reserve are orchids like Vanda and Liparis. Some other species of plants that are commonly seen here are Jarodina, Calycanthus, etc.

So, here the correct answer is option A. Nilgiri Biosphere serves.

Note: Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve demonstrates the tropical forest biome and falls within the Western Ghats system which represents the convergence of Afro-tropical and Indo-Malayan biotic zones of the world.