Question

The enzyme which converts glucose into ethyl alcohol (${ C }_{ 2 }{ H }_{ 5 }{ OH }$) is:
(a)Diastase
(b)Maltase
(c)Zymase
(d)Invertase

Answer 1

Hint: The conversion of glucose into ethyl alcohol (${ C }_{ 2 }{ H }_{ 5 }{ OH }$) is carried out by the mixture of enzymes. This enzyme is secreted by yeast and this is extensively used in brewing and baking industries.

Complete answer:
Diastase is an enzyme that is found in the germination of the seeds which helps in transforming the starch to maltose. Maltase is an enzyme that is found in animals, plants, bacteria, and yeast which catalyzes the hydrolysis of the disaccharide maltose to simple sugar. Zymase is a mixture of an enzyme that is found in yeast that helps catalyze the breakdown of sugar in alcohol. Invertase is an enzyme that is found in bacteria, streptococcus helps in catalyzing the hydrolysis of sucrose into fructose and glucose.

Additional Information: -Alcoholic fermentation is also known as ethanol fermentation biological process which involves various enzymes to convert glucose, fructose, and sucrose into cellular energy ATP as product and ethanol and carbon dioxide as metabolic waste.
-In yeast, the conversion of sugar to ethanol occurs in the absence of the oxygen, therefore, termed as anaerobic metabolism.
-The steps of alcohol fermentation in yeast are-
$\underset { Glucose }{ { C }_{ 6 }{ H }_{ 12 }{ O }_{ 6 } } \quad \underrightarrow { (Glycolysis)2ATP+NADH+Water\quad \quad } \quad 2\times Pyruvic\quad Acid$

$2\times Pyruvic\quad Acid\quad \underrightarrow { (Pyruvate\quad Decarboxylase)+C{ O }_{ 2\quad \quad } } \quad 2\times Acetaldehyde$

$ 2\times Acetaldehyde\quad \underrightarrow { (Alcohol\quad Dehydrogenase)\quad \quad } \quad 2\times Ethanol$
-Catabolism of sugar by zymase in yeast is an oxidative process under anaerobic conditions.
So, the correct answer is, "zymase."

Note: -Bacteria that can convert glucose to form alcohol are- Zymomonas mobilis, Clostridium acetobutylicum, Klebsiella pneumonia.
-Yeast which can convert glucose to alcohol is- Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces carlsbergensis, Saccharomyces oviformis, Candida utilis.