Question

The distinguishing character of an individual is known as...
A. Traits
B. Habits
C. Inheritance
D. None of the above

Answer 1

Hint: According to the law of dominance one factor in a pair may express itself and prevent the expression of the other. The factor expresses itself was described by Mendel as the dominant factor and the unexpressed one as a recessive factor.

Complete answer: Geneticists use the term character for a heritable feature, such as flower color, that varies among individuals. Each variant for a character is called trait
The principle which governs the hereditary in plants and animals also apply to human inheritance.
Several traits are inherited in the human race. These include eye color, skin color, color and form of hair, length of the limbs, the shape of the hands, finger length, and facial features.
Many deformities and diseases have also been found to be inheritable.

Additional Information: Example of Mendal work on true breeding traits which mean that a plant on self-pollination produces offspring with the same traits.
Contrasting traits noted by Mendel in seven characters of garden pea

S.No.	Characters	Dominant traits	Recessive traits
1	Height	Tall	Dwarf
2	Position of flower	Axillary	terminal
3	Colour of the unripe pod	green	Yellow
4	From of unripe pod	Inflated	constricted
5	Colour of seed coat or flower	colored	White
6	Color of cotyledons	Yellow	green
7	Form of seed	round	Wrinkled

So, the correct answer is “Option A”.

Note: Human traits are often not controlled by a single pair of genes as is the case of tallness and dwarfness in peas. Humans have mixed ancestry and few, if any, traits are pure.
It is, therefore, almost impossible to trace one trait through a family.
Each marriage combines the entirely different genetic characters of two families in the children.