Question

The characteristic of anatropous ovule is
A) Occurrence of hilum near the micropyle
B) Presence of raphe
C) Inversion (180°) over the funicle
D) All of the above

Answer 1

Hint: In this case, during development, the ovules become totally inverted so that the micropyle changes its position and lies close to the junction present between the funicle and ovule.

Complete Answer:
- The ovule in seed plants is part of the composition of the female reproductive system. It is the location where female reproductive cells are produced and contained, and it is what, after fertilisation, ultimately grows into a seed and for the seed to then mature and produce a full adult plant.
- Ovules are found at the bottom of a vase-like arrangement in the ovaries, the carpel, which has a collar named as style and a stigma is considered an opening at the top. Based on their shapes, ovules have been divided into six groups and they are Orthotropous, Anatropous, Hemi-anatropous, Campylotropous, Amphitropous, and Circinotropous.

Now, let us find the solution from the options-
- The most common type of ovule, which exists in more than 80% of angiosperm families, is the anatropous ovule.
- Anatropous ovule consists of a stalk known as funicle which is attached to the placenta, the junction that seen between the funicle and ovule is the helium, the ovule is surrounded by integuments with an opening at the tip which is known as micropyle and the opposite end of the micropyle is the chalazal.
- The ovule body is rotated by 180 ° and the micropyle comes close to the hilium.
- In the straight line, Chalaza and micropyle lie, but hilum seems to be present at 90 °to the micropyle. Micropyle, thus, is close to hilium.
- There is also a ridge in the ovule when the body of the ovule is merged with one side of the funiculus.

Thus, the correct answer is option (D) All of the above.

Note: Due to the unilateral development of the funiculus, the body of the ovule fully turned at 180 ° angle in this type of ovules, that is why it is also regarded as the inverted ovule. It is known to be a "typical angiosperm ovule." That is sometimes referred to as the resupinate ovule.