Question

State and Explain Beer Lambert Law?

Answer 1

Hint: The Beer Lambert law, also known as the Beer's law, Lambert Beer law, or Beer Lambert Bouguer law, is a relationship between light attenuation and the properties of the medium by which it travels.

Complete step by step solution:
Pierre Bouguer first discovered the Beer Lambert law while looking at red wine during a short vacation in Alentejo, Portugal.

Statement: The Beer-Lambert law states that the amount of light absorbed by a substance immersed in a completely transmitting liquid is equal to the substance's concentration and the light's path length through the solution.

Attenuation is the process of absorption and scattering to reduce the number of ions or photons entering a body of matter. A ray of light weakens when it goes into a chemical solution, according to the Beer-Lambert law. Light is attenuated either by increasing concentration or by increasing distance through the solution.

The optical attenuation of a physical medium comprising a single attenuating species of uniform concentration is related to the optical path length across the sample and the species' absorptivity by a basic and effective formulation of the Beer Lambert law. This rule is often used to describe how solar radiation or stellar radiation is attenuated as it travels across the atmosphere.

Note:
As the linearity of the Beer Lambert law is limited to chemical and instrumental factors, it fails at higher concentrations. When the concentration of the solvent is greater, the proximity of the molecules in the solution is so close that the absorptivity deviates.