Question

Sodium hydrogen carbonate is commonly called as:
Sodium bicarbonate
Sodium carbonate
Both A and B
None of the above

Answer 1

Hint: We know that ionic compounds consist of cations and anions. The sum of the charges in an ionic compound is always zero (overall). Ionic bonds held the ions together to form ionic compounds. Due to the presence of ionic bonds between them, they have strong melting and boiling points.

Complete step by step answer:
We have to first identify the cation and anion present in the compound. If anion/cation is a polyatomic ion, we have to see the elements present in them and name them according to the nomenclature.
We know sodium hydrogen carbonate is an ionic compound. The cation present here is sodium and the polyatomic anion is hydrogen carbonate.
We can define a polyatomic ion as an ion that contains more than one atom. Polyatomic ions could be cation or anion. Some of the polyatomic anions are made of nonmetal such as carbon, sulfate, and phosphorus attached to an atom of oxygen.
Let us now discuss the formula of some polyatomic ions.
The formula of carbonate ion is $C{O_3}^{2 - }$.
The formula of bicarbonate is $HC{O_3}^ - $.
The formula of hydrogen phosphate is $HP{O_4}^{2 - }$.
The formula of dihydrogen phosphate is ${H_2}P{O_4}^ - $.
In the IUPAC naming of polyatomic ions, when two anions differ in the presence of hydrogen, we have to use the word hydrogen added to the name of the anion. Thus, $HC{O_3}^ - $ has IUPAC name as hydrogen carbonate.
Sodium cation reacts with bicarbonate anion to form sodium bicarbonate.
The charge of sodium cation is ${\text{ + 1}}{\text{.}}$
The charge of bicarbonate anion is ${\text{ - 1}}{\text{.}}$
The charges are equal in magnitude, and one of each ion is needed to balance the charge.
$N{a^ + } + HC{O_3}^ - \xrightarrow{{}}NaHC{O_3}$
The formula of the ionic compound formed from sodium and hydrogen carbonate is $NaHC{O_3}$
The IUPAC name of sodium bicarbonate is sodium hydrogen carbonate. Hence, we can conclude as sodium hydrogen carbonate is commonly called sodium bicarbonate.

$\therefore $ Option (A) is correct.

Note:
Bicarbonate/Hydrogen carbonate is the intermediate that is formed during the deprotonation of carbonic acid. It has a molar mass of $61.016\,g\,mo{l^{ - 1}}$. The conjugate acid of hydrogen carbonate is carbonic acid and the conjugate base of hydrogen carbonate is carbonate. We can also call sodium bicarbonate as baking soda. When we heat it with acid, it liberates carbon dioxide gas. We can write the chemical equation as,

$NaHC{O_3}\left( {aq} \right) + C{H_3}COOH\left( {aq} \right)\xrightarrow{{}}C{H_3}COONa\left( {aq} \right) + C{O_2}\left( g \right) + {H_2}O\left( l \right)$