Question

What is the role of oviduct and uterus?

Answer 1

Hint: The female reproductive system consists of a pair of ovaries, a pair of duct systems called fallopian tubes or oviduct, a uterus, cervix, vagina. This makes up the primary reproductive system of the females. Apart from this, a pair of mammary glands and accessory genital glands are also present.

Complete answer:
FALLOPIAN TUBES: These are paired, long (about 10-12 cm), ciliated, muscular and tubular structures which extend from the ovarian walls to the uterine fundus region. The duct system is categorically divided into three main parts:
Infundibulum: This is the part that is closest to the ovarian wall and has finger-shaped projections. It is funnel-shaped and helps to catch the released ovum. The finger-shaped projections are known as fimbriae. The infundibulum opens into the abdominal cavity through an aperture known as ostium.
Ampulla: This is the wider part of the oviduct.
Isthmus: It is the last and the narrow part that opens into the uterus.
The tube is involved in the conduction of the ovum or zygote towards the uterus through peristalsis and ciliary action. It also serves as the site of fertilization.
UTERUS: It is a pear-shaped, highly vascular hollow, muscular structure present in the pelvic region of the female between the bladder and rectum. It is suspended in the body cavity by the mesometrium. It has the following three parts:
Fundus: It is the upper dome shaped part above the opening of the fallopian tubes into the uterus.
Corpus/body: It is the middle and the main part of the uterus.
Cervix: It is the lower, narrow portion which opens into the body of the uterus by internal os and in vagina below by the external os. The cavity of the cervix is called the cervical canal which along with the vagina forms the birth canal.
The uterus is the site of development of the fetus during the gestation period or pregnancy. It also has a role in placenta formation and expulsion of the fetus (termed as parturition) during delivery.

Note:
Fertilization occurs at the ampullary-isthmus junction of the fallopian tubes. For successful fertilization, the ova and the sperms must be transferred simultaneously at the same time. This is the region where all acts of mating don’t result in successful conception.