Question

Recombinant DNA Technology prepared vaccine is called:
A) First-generation vaccine
B) Second-generation vaccine
C) Third-generation vaccine
D) Synthesised vaccine

Answer 1

Hint: A vaccine is a substance that is used to promote the production of antibodies, thus providing immunity against specific diseases. Recombinant DNA technology is a process in which a foreign piece of DNA is introduced to the DNA of the remaining species cell. This other species of cell is known as a vector. It is a combination of the DNA of two distinct species.
Complete Step-by-step answer: The gene introduced into the genome (DNA) of a vector is known as a recombinant gene. This method of introducing a recombinant gene into the genome of the vector cells is known as recombinant DNA technology. Vaccines generated by recombinant DNA technology are known as second-generation vaccines. These vaccines do not comprise the whole organism rather than it, they include a part of the organism. Examples of Second-generation vaccines are the Herpes virus, Hepatitis B virus, pneumonia vaccine, etc. The Hepatitis B virus vaccine became the first commercially available human vaccine made by recombinant DNA technology.
First-generation vaccines are the vaccines containing live, weakened organisms, or heat-killed organisms. An example of a first-generation vaccine is the Poliovirus vaccine. The polio vaccine is composed of heat-killed poliovirus.
Third-generation vaccines also referred to as DNA vaccines are composed of a small rounded piece of bacterial DNA like a plastid generated by genetic engineering. These express one or two proteins of a pathogen to stimulate immunity.
Therefore the correct answer is Option B.

Note: In 1986, the Recombivax HB vaccine for hepatitis B was accepted for human use in many countries, the culmination of research initiated by William Rutter, Pablo Valenzuela, and colleagues in 1979 on the cloning of hepatitis B virus (HBV) antigens. It was the first vaccine to be made using recombinant DNA technology and while it was only the third recombinant product to be certified for clinical use, it was also the most complex in creating nanoparticles that are similar to the patient-derived virus particles in both immunogenicity and structure.