Question

Presence of RBC in urine is called
(a) Proteinuria
(b) Haematuria
(c) Alkaptonuria
(d) Uraemia

Answer 1

Hint: Urine is a transparent, pale yellow liquid with 95% of water and 5% of other substances. Accumulation of other substances in urine is a sign of a certain kind of disease which leads to abnormal urine.

Complete Answer:
Haematuria is the condition where the presence of RBC takes place in urine which converts urine colour into pink and red. Normally haematuria is caused due to heavy exercise but in a serious case, it is caused by cancer, kidney infection, urinary tract infection, bladder stone, and injury.

Additional information:
Haematuria can be checked by a blood test, urinalysis, ultrasound and cystoscopy. Treatment of haematuria depends upon the cause, treatment of infection take place by antibiotic while treatment of stone involves shock wave therapy, and cancer can be treated by biopsy
Presence of a high amount of protein in urine is called proteinuria. It causes dehydration, inflammation, low blood pressure, kidney stone, cancer and cardiovascular disease. Proteinuria causes foamy and bubbly pee, shortness of breath, loss of appetite and vomiting. Treatment depends upon the underlying cause and untreated proteinuria cause kidney failure.
Alkaptonuria is a genetic disorder caused by low production of homogenisation dioxygenase enzyme, this enzyme used to break toxic homogenisation acid. Alkaptonuria causes osteoarthritis in the joint and spine, discolouration of bone and dark black and brown urine. Alkaptonuria is untreatable due to genetic disorder but the diseases caused by Alkaptonuria are treated by use of some anti-inflammatory medicine and low protein diet.
Uraemia is the presence of excess urea in urine caused by improper function of the kidney. Risk factor includes kidney failure which leads to the condition of dialysis and kidney transplant.

So, the correct answer is ‘Haematuria’.

Note: Haematuria is the presence of RBC in urine whereas haemoglobinuria is the presence of free haemoglobin in urine caused by the breakdown of RBC in case of haemolytic anaemia. Haematuria and haemoglobinuria get distinguished by a rapid blood test which takes place by centrifugation.