Question

How do polar covalent molecules dissolve in water?

Answer 1

Hint The answer here is based on the fact that the solubility of the polar molecules can be understood by the concept based on the ability of the solute to dissolve in a solvent where the particles of the solute separate from their neighbours. Explain this with the factors that affect.

Complete step – by – step answer:
In the lower classes, we have come across the concepts of polarity, process of dissolving of the solute particles in the solution, intermolecular and intramolecular forces that are acting between the molecules and many other concepts.
Let us now find the factors that matter for the dissolving process of polar covalent molecules in water.
- We know that covalent molecules do not dissociate into ions when put in a solvent.
- Water is a polar molecule and therefore other polar molecules are likely to dissolve in it.
- Polar molecules do not have a symmetrical distribution of charge whether it may or may not consist of polar covalent bonds.
- One part of the molecule will be partially negative and the other part will be partially positive. Thus, the partially negative part of the polar molecule such as water will interact with the partially positive part of another molecule and this allows the polar substances to dissolve each other. Thus, polar covalent molecules dissolve in water in this way.

Note: Note that the polar covalent molecules are those having a type of chemical bond where a pair of electrons is unequally shared between the two atoms and nonpolar covalent bond has equal sharing of electrons between the atoms.