Question

Ovules of Capsella and Pisum sativum are
A. Orthotropous
B. Anatropous
C. Amphitropous
D. Campylotropous

Answer 1

Hint: Ovule is the structure that gives rise to and contains the female reproductive cells. Ovules are classified according to arrangement.

Complete Answer:
• Orthotropous ovule - The simplest and primitive type of ovule. In this type of ovule, micropyle, chalaza, and funiculus lie in one vertical plane. Examples: all gymnosperms, Polygonum.
• Anatropous ovule - The most common type of ovules which occurs in more than 80% of angiosperm families. The body of the ovule is rotated by 180° and the micropyle comes near to the funiculus. Chalaza and micropyle lie in the straight line but hilum is at 90° to the micropyle.
• Amphitropous ovule - The body of ovule gets curved along with the embryo sac in such a way that it becomes horseshoe-shaped. This type of ovule is found in families like Butamaceae, Loganiaceae.
• Campylotropous ovule - This type of ovule is similar to Anatropous ovule but the curvature is less than that of an anatropous ovule. The campylotropous ovule is found in the family Chenopodiaceae and Pisum and Capsella.

So, the correct answer is D.

Note: Campylotropous ovule is a curved ovule with the micropyle almost touching the funiculus. It is bent upon itself like a horseshoe but an embryo is straight. It is a very rare type of ovule.