Question

Non flowering plant belongs to
a. Monocots
b. Dicots
c. Cryptogams
d. Phanerogams

Answer 1

Hint: Flowers are the reproductive structures of plants that bear male and female gametes. These flowers after fertilization form fruits. The plants that do not form flowers and reproduce through spores are called non-flowering plants.

Complete answer:
> Cryptogams
These are flowerless and seedless plants. It mainly includes three groups:
Thallophyta- It includes the most simple and primitive plants. The plant body is either unicellular or multicellular thallus. Thallophyta is divided into four groups- algae, fungi, bacteria and lichens.
Bryophyta- They are found in moist, shady and cold places and constitute liverworts and mosses.
Pteridophyta- These are vascular cryptogams and their plant body is differentiated into roots, stems and leaves. They can be heterosporous or homosporous and the spores are produced inside the sporangia on leaves.

> Phanerogams
Flower bearing or seed bearing plants are called spermatophyte or phanerogams. It is further divided into two groups.
Gymnospermae- These are plants with naked seeds. They have a heterosporous life cycle. The seeds are borne on structures called cones.
Angiospermae- These are the flowering plants that produce covered seeds. They show cross fertilization. The ovary after fertilization ripens into fruits that contain seeds.

The two subclasses of angiosperms are:
> Monocotyledonae- They have only one cotyledon in their seed. For example- grasses, sugarcane, bamboo, etc.

> Dicotyledonae- They bear two cotyledons in their seeds. For example-apple, peach, carrot, cucumber, etc.

Hence, the correct answer is option (C).

Note: Plant classification is the arrangement of plants into groups and subgroups on the basis of their affinities. Besides morphology, cytology, genetics, ecology, biochemistry and physiology of plants are also taken in consideration for classification.