Question

Name the Sperm lysin. Which organelle secretes it? What is its function?

Answer 1

Hint: In anisogamous sexual reproduction, sperm is the male reproductive cell, or gamete. Animals generate spermatozoa, which are motile sperm with a flagellum tail, but red algae and fungus create spermatia, which are non-motile sperm cells. The fusion of Sperm with the Egg to form zygote is a complex process involving various enzymatic reactions.

Complete answer:
The two enzymes produced by sperm in mammalian fertilisation are hyaluronidase and acrosin, which are combined to form sperm lysin.
Sperm lysin helps the sperms to penetrate through the egg membrane.
The sperm lysin is secreted by the acrosome. The acrosome is a kind of organelle that has a cap-like structure that covers the spermatozoon's head's anterior part. The acrosome is made up of digesting enzymes and is derived from the Golgi apparatus.
Sperm lysin digests the hyaluronic acid which is present as a cementing substance in the corona radiata cells which forms a membrane over the egg cell.
Sperm lysin therefore plays an important role in acrosomal reaction, which is an important step in the penetration of sperm into the egg and fertilization.

Note:
Fertilization happens when a sperm combines with the female during intercourse, resulting in the formation of an egg, which is then placed in the female's uterus. The sperm travels via the fallopian tube and unites with the ovum and penetrates through the zona pellucida of the ovum to fuse with its nuclei, forming the zygote (fertilized egg). Fertilization with a single mature sperm will produce a viable zygote. Fertilization will not occur if more than one sperm penetrates through the membrane of the egg cell.