Question

Name the non-membrane-bound organelle exclusively found only in an animal cell.
(a) Sphaerosome
(b) Glyoxysome
(c) Centriole
(d) Peroxisome

Answer 1

Hint:
It is a barrel-shaped polarized structure made up of microtubules. These are present in most animal cells, cells of fungi, and algae but not commonly in plant cells. The walls of it are composed of nine triplet microtubules (9+0 ) arrangement.

Complete step by step answer:
The peroxisome is a single-membrane-bound small organelle present in eukaryotes. The term peroxisome was proposed by de Duve because it consumed hydrogen peroxide. Like mitochondria and plastids, the peroxisome is not a semi-autonomous organelle. Peroxisome does contain DNA or ribosomes.
A high degree of functional and metabolic specialisation in different organisms has been reported. For example, in trypanosomes, most glycolytic enzymes reside in specialized peroxisomes called Glycosomes. Peroxisomes harbour enzymes of the glyoxylate cycle and are termed glyoxysomes, present in some plants, mainly the cells of germinating seeds. Hydrogen atoms are transferred to molecular oxygen and form hydrogen peroxide and this is done by Peroxisomal oxidases. Oxidative enzymes such as catalase, and oxidases are in mitochondria and peroxisomes.
In animal cells, a pair of centrioles are present in MTOC (microtubule-organizing centre). The centrosome is a pair of centrioles with MTOC. Two centrioles are arranged perpendicular to each other in the centre of the centrosome.

Option ‘C’ is correct

Note:
Sphaerosomes or oleosomes are small cell organelles bounded by a single membrane that take part in the storage and synthesis of lipids. These were first observed by Hanstein but discovered by Perner. This term is given by Dangeard.