Question

What is the molecular shape of Hydrogen sulfide \[\left( {{H_2}S} \right)\] ?

Answer 1

Hint: The chemical bond can be formed by the transfer or sharing of electrons between two atoms.
Based on the number of electrons involved in chemical bonding and the number of electrons not involved in the chemical bonding molecular shape of the molecule can be determined.

Complete answer:
The periodic table consists of different elements arranged in vertical columns and horizontal rows.
These different elements are arranged in the increasing order of atomic numbers.
The periodic table consists of a total of \[118\] elements.
The vertical columns are called groups and horizontal rows are called periods.
There are \[7\] periods and \[18\] groups in the periodic table.
Hydrogen is the element belonging to period \[1\] and group \[1\] .
The electronic configuration of hydrogen is \[1{s^1}\] .
Thus, hydrogen consists of one electron in its outermost shell.
Sulphur is the element belonging to period \[3\] and group \[16\] .
It has \[6\] electrons in its outermost shell.
The electronic configuration of Sulphur is \[\left[ {Ne} \right]3{s^2}3{p^4}\] .
Thus, two electrons from two hydrogen atoms and six electrons were involved in bonding to attain octet configuration.
Atoms or molecules try to attain octet configuration for stability.
The valence electrons involved in chemical bonding.
The two electrons from sulphur and two electrons from hydrogen form two covalent bonds.
The remaining four electrons are not involved in bonding and can exist as lone pairs on the Sulphur atom, forming bent or V-shape.
Due to these lone pairs, the bond angle decreases to \[{92^0}\] .
Though, the bond angle of molecules with \[s{p^2}\] is \[{120^0}\] , due to repulsion and crowding of lone pairs.
Thus, the molecular shape of Hydrogen sulfide \[\left( {{H_2}S} \right)\] is Bent or V-shape.

Note:
The shape must be considered by taking the number of lone pairs.
The lone pairs are given by the number of pairs of electrons that are not involved in the chemical bond formation.
Not only the hybridisation consideration, but also the lone pairs of electrons should be taken while writing the molecular shape of a molecule.