Question

What is meant by the term Original Jurisdiction? Mention any two types of cases where the supreme court exercises original jurisdiction?

Answer 1

Hint: The practical authority provided to a legal entity to administer justice, as determined by the type of case and the location of the issue, is known as jurisdiction (its situs). Areas of jurisdiction apply at the municipal, state, and federal levels in federations like the United States. The geographical area to which such authority extends is referred to as jurisdiction.

Complete answer:
Original jurisdiction is the power of a court to hear a case for the first time in a common law legal system, as opposed to appellate jurisdiction, which is the capacity of a higher court to review a lower court's judgement. Original, appellate, and advisory jurisdiction is all exercised by the Supreme Court of India.

Original jurisdiction refers to cases that are taken directly to the Supreme Court. The highest court hears matters that require constitutional interpretation or situations involving the deprivation of fundamental rights. The Supreme Court decides matters involving disputes between two or more states, or between the union and the states.

In the following sorts of matters, the Supreme Court has original jurisdiction:
1) Disputes between the Indian government and one or more states.
2) On the one hand, there is a dispute between the Indian government and one or more states, while on the other hand, there is a dispute between the Indian government and one or more other states.
3) A disagreement between two or more countries.

An Original Suit is a lawsuit filed in these types of cases. Furthermore, Article 32 of the Constitution grants the Supreme Court broad original jurisdiction over the enforcement of Fundamental Rights.

Note: The Supreme Court of India has jurisdiction over original, appellate, and advisory cases. Its exclusive original jurisdiction covers all disputes involving the Government of India and the States of India, or between the Government of India and one or more states on one side and one or more states on the other, as well as cases involving other states.