Question

Match column-I with column-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below.

	Column I		Column II
A.	Helicase	I.	Joining of Nucleotides
B.	Gyrase	II.	Opening of DNA
C.	Primase	III.	Unwinding of DNA
D.	DNA Polymerase	IV.	RNA priming

(A) A-II; B-I; C-III; D-IV
(B) A-II; B-I; C-IV; D-III
(C) A-IV; B-III; C-I; D-II
(D) A-II; B-III; C-IV; D-I

Answer 1

Hint: DNA replication is the process through which cells make copies of the genome's DNA. A cell must first copy (or duplicate) its entire genome before it can divide, ensuring that each daughter cell has a complete genome upon division.

Complete Step by Step Answer:
Replication is the method through which DNA duplicates to produce identical copies. Semi-conservative replication technique: Each daughter DNA molecule has two new and one old strand after replication. The opening of the double helix and separation of the DNA strands, priming of the template strand, and construction of the new DNA segment are the three main phases in replication. The DNA double helix's two strands uncoil at a specific spot known as the origin during separation. Enzymes called helicases can modify or bind to nucleic acid or nucleic acid protein complexes. Both DNA and RNA have helicases. Because they split double-stranded DNA into single strands, allowing each strand to be duplicated, DNA helicases are crucial for DNA replication.

An important bacterial enzyme called DNA gyrase is responsible for the ATP-dependent negative super-coiling of double-stranded closed-circular DNA. Gyrase is a member of the group of enzymes called topoisomerases that regulate DNA's topological transitions. Enzymes called helicases cut apart nucleic acid strands. Gyrases, on the other hand, are members of the topoisomerase II family, which preserves the topology of DNA strands. The DNA replication fork necessitates the constant activity of DNA primases. Short RNA molecules that serve as DNA polymerases' primers are created by them through catalysis. Primers range in length from four to fifteen nucleotides and are produced from ribonucleoside triphosphates. DNA polymerases' major function is to efficiently and properly replicate the genome in order to maintain the genetic code and ensure that it is faithfully passed down through the generations.

So, option (D) is correct.

Note:DNA replication is the process of duplicating DNA. Replication is carried out through a series of processes involving RNA and several proteins referred to as replication enzymes. DNA replication takes place during the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells, such as animal cells and plant cells, during the S phase of interphase.