Question

In respiration, the energy not captured by ATP is
(a) Transferred to organic compounds
(b) Converted into heat
(c) Liberated along with $CO_2$
(d) Transferred to water

Answer 1

Hint: This is a process depicted by the entire living organisms, and it ensures their survival. Most of the aerobic respiration occurs in the mitochondrion in most of the plants and animals.

Complete answer:
In respiration, the energy not captured by ATP is converted into heat. During the breakdown of 1 mole of glucose molecules during respiration, 686 kilocalories of energy is obtained. The energy stored as ATP is 266 kilocalories while the remaining 420 kilocalories of energy is released as heat. Thus, only a fraction of energy is stored as high energy bonds of ATP and since the overall reaction is exergonic, some amount of energy is lost as heat.
- The nutrient, which provides energy by its oxidation inside the body, is called respiratory fuel.
- The main respiratory fuel in our body is glucose, it is present abundantly in the body fluids.
- The physiological value of glucose is 4 Kcal.
- The fats are concentrated fuel with a physiological value of 9 Kcal.
- Fats are used as respiratory fuel after their hydrolysis to fatty acids and glycerol by lipase enzyme and
their subsequent conversion to hexose sugar.
- Proteins serve as a respiratory fuel after their breakdown of amino acids. By proteolytic enzymes.
- Protoplasmic respiration is the term used when proteins are used as respiratory fuels.
- When carbohydrates or fats are used as respiratory fuel, then it is called as floating respiration.
So, the correct answer is, ‘Converted into heat.’

Note: Respiration is a catabolic-physicochemical process, which involves the exchange of environmental oxygen and body carbon dioxide through a liquid medium. After this, the oxidation of glucose inside the mitochondria produces energy, which is partly stored in the high energy bonds of ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) molecules. The ATP is used as biologically useful energy.