Question

In general, how do you determine which molecule will have the most polar bond from a list of molecules given?

Answer 1

Hint: As we know that polar molecule is formed when the one end of the molecule is found to have high positive charge whereas the other end of the molecule has a negative charge that basically generates a dipole.

Complete step by step solution:
We have studied the basics of electronegativity, polarity and several factors in the chapters of chemistry. Let us now see these in detail.
- As we know that bond polarity depends on the electronegativity of the molecules or atoms that are participating and also on the spatial arrangement of the various bonds in the atom.
- There are several factors basically that determine the molecule is polar. It is found that if polar bonds are present in the molecule but the atom is symmetric, then the molecule will not be polar.
- As we know that polar bonds are formed when one atom in the bond pull electrons strongly than the other atom. So, then we can expect the difference in the strength by comparing the values of electronegativity.
- If the value of one atom is greater than the atom will pull the election closer and will develop a partial negative charge whereas, the other atom develops a partial positive charge. In this way, we can determine which molecule is having more polar bond.

Note:
- We can see that aldehydes and ketones are actually not polar completely, but are partially polar. This is because all the bonds present are not polar, and the difference in electronegativity is very less in between carbon and hydrogen and those bonds are polar.