Question

If the haploid number in a flowering plant is 14. What shall be the number of chromosomes integuments, antipodal cells, embryo, endosperm and nucellus respectively?
A. 14, 28, 7, 42, 21
B. 7, 14, 42, 28, 14
C. 28, 14, 28, 42, 28          
D. 42, 28, 14, 28, 14

Answer 1

Hint: >A cell has either one or two complete sets of chromosomes, depending on its haploid or diploid makeup, depending on the term "ploidy." The sporophyte includes the nucellus, mother cells for microspores, and mother cells for megaspores.

Step by step solution:
It has been told in the question that the haploid number of the flowering plant is 14 so we need to find the chromosome number of different parts of the plant. Let the haploid number be denoted by n.
Integuments- An enclosure of a megasporangium by sterile branches has been hypothesised as the evolutionary origin of the inner integument, which is essential to the development of ovules from megasporangia that occur inside the nucellus of developing ovules in angiosperms. The basal swelling portion of the nucellus and the integuments both originate in Chalaza. The ploidy of integuments is 2n. So, for the given question the number of chromosomes in the integument will be 24.
Antipodal cells- The embryo sac is nourished by antipodal cells, which are located on the side of the micropyle opposite the micropyle. After fertilisation, antipodal cells typically degenerate, but in the cases of Caltha and Aconitum, these antipodal cells become larger and migrate toward the centre. The antipodal cell is haploid. So, the number of chromosomes in antipodal cells is 14 in antipodal cells.
Embryo- The infant stage of a multicellular living form is an embryo. The stage of the life cycle that begins soon after fertilisation and progresses through the arrangement of body structures, such as tissues and organs, is known as embryonic development in life forms that reproduce sexually. The embryo is diploid. So, in this question, the number of chromosomes will be 28
Endosperm- Angiosperm endosperm typically has three sets of chromosomes per nucleus. In angiosperms, the process of twofold fertilisation results in the formation of the endosperm. In angiosperms, the secondary nucleus gives rise to the endosperm. The number of chromosomes will be 42.
Nucellus- The megaspore mother cell is the one that will give rise to 4 haploid megaspores by meiosis, therefore once more being a parent cell, their ploidy is 2n. The nucellus, the core region of the ovule housing the embryo sac, is diploid. Therefore, the number of chromosomes will be 28.
Hence, the correct option is C. 28, 14, 28, 42, 28

Note: When an organism has more than two sets of chromosomes, it is said to be polyploid. It plays a significant part in generating individual variation. The ploidy depends on the sporophyte or gametophyte of the plant. In the majority of angiosperms and gymnosperms, sporophytes and things related to them are diploid.