Question

If both ovaries are removed at the third month of pregnancy then _____________.
(a) Pregnancy will maintain
(b) Pregnancy will not maintain
(c) Pregnancy may be maintained or not
(d) Developed the mental child

Answer 1

Hint: Ovaries are the primary sex organs of females and are responsible for the production of gametes and hormones. These hormones help in the formation of gametes, development of secondary sex organs, and proper conduction of the menstrual cycle.

Complete Answer:
Removal of both the ovaries during the third month of pregnancy will result in the termination of the pregnancy. This is because the hormone progesterone is produced by the corpus luteum that is present inside the ovary. Progesterone is responsible for maintaining the lining of the endometrium by which the placenta is formed. The absence of ovaries will result in no production of progesterone. This will lead to the breakdown of the endometrial lining along with which the placenta is also destroyed thus, leading to the termination of the pregnancy.
However, if the ovaries are removed after the third month, pregnancy will be maintained as the fully formed placenta will release enough progesterone to maintain the endometrial lining.

Additional information: Let us look at some other hormones related to pregnancy.
HPL: Human placental lactogen is released by the placenta to help with feeding the baby by causing insulin resistance.
HCG: Human chorionic gonadotropin is also released by the placenta and helps in the development of the placenta.
Relaxin: Released by the placenta and helps in childbirth by dilating the cervix.
So, the correct option is ‘(b) Pregnancy will not maintain’.

Note:
- The wall of the uterus is made up of 3 layers known as perimetrium, myometrium, and endometrium.
- Perimetrium is the outermost layer and is made up of a thin membrane.
- Myometrium consists of smooth muscles that contract during childbirth.
- Endometrium is a glandular layer that has a lining full of blood vessels that form the placenta during pregnancy.