Question

How many electrons does Boron have?

Answer 1

Hint: For calculating the number of electrons present in any atom, first we have to know about the atomic number $\left( {\text{Z}} \right)$ or atomic mass $\left( {\text{A}} \right)$ of that atom because Atomic number of an atom is always equal to the number of protons present inside the nucleus or number of electrons present in the orbitals outside the nucleus.

Complete Solution :
From the above point it is clear that:
Atomic Number = No. of protons = No. of electrons
-In periodic table Boron is denoted as ${}_{\text{5}}^{{\text{10}}}{\text{B}}$, where upper quantity shows the atomic mass $\left( {\text{A}} \right)$ and lower quantity shows the atomic number $\left( {\text{Z}} \right)$ of the Boron atom.
-So, the Atomic mass of Boron is 10 and Atomic number is 5.
-From the relation between the Atomic number and number of electrons, it is clear that in Boron atom five electrons are present, as atomic number is equal to no. of electrons or protons.
Hence in Boron atom total five electrons are present.

Additional information- Electronic configuration of Boron is $1{s^2},2{s^2}2{p^1}$. Boron is a metalloid that means it has the intermediate properties of metals and non - metals both and it comes under the category of p-block elements. It is present in the solid state and its appearance looks shiny and brittle. It is a good conductor of heat as well as electricity also at high temperatures.

Note: Number of electrons always equal to the atomic number of an atom only in the neutral state, but whenever an atom is present in the form of ion then number of electrons varies from the atomic number.