Question

How do antibiotics cure disease?

Answer 1

Hint: Antibiotics are chemicals that kill microorganisms or inhibit their growth and are therefore used to fight infections in humans or animals. Most antibiotics are produced by microorganisms (i.e. the product of one organism killing another). Some semi-synthetic antibiotics are natural antibiotics that are chemically modified.

Complete answer:
Let's first of all we try to understand the meaning of antibiotics.
The term antibiotic comes from antibiosis, a phenomenon that antagonizes one organism with other organisms. Antibiosis is observed by many scientists who study microorganisms growing in dishes (Petri dishes), but credit for finding and recycling products (antibiotics) with useful purposes goes to Alexander Fleming (1928). While working in a hospital laboratory in London, he discovered that a contaminated fungus (Penicillium notatum) inhibited the growth of bacteria in dishes containing Staphylococcus aureus.
The substance extracted from the fungus is called penicillin, and several years’ later penicillin was isolated from the fungal culture filtrate. It is found to provide miraculous results in curing infections caused by staph and other gram-positive cocci, and has been recognized as a "miracle cure".
All antibiotics are secondary metabolites of producing organisms, meaning that these substances are not essential for their growth. In a natural environment, antibiotics, if produced at all, would likely help producers compete for food and space with other organisms. Antibiotics are only produced in culture when active growth has stopped. Like other chemotherapy drugs, the ideal antibiotic is one that only attacks the pathogen without harming the host. Attacking pathogens can inhibit growth without killing pathogens. In this case, the antibiotic must have a bacteriostatic effect.
There are two main ways antibiotics work against bacteria. They prevent bacterial growth (bacteriostatic) or kill bacteria (bactericidal), for example by stopping the mechanisms responsible for building their cell walls.
Antibiotics have undoubtedly changed the world we live in, and have undoubtedly contributed to the improvement of human life. This is mainly because some life-threatening infectious diseases can be comfortably cured with antibiotics.

Note:
When the target pathogen is killed, the antibiotic effect is called bactericidal. Some antibiotics are lethal by lysing the affected bacteria. In this case, the effect is known as bacteriolytic. These traits are antibiotic properties, not target cells. However, not all antibiotics are effective for all bacteria. The spectrum of various types of bacteria that an antibiotic can inhibit, kill or lyse determines the spectrum of the antibiotic. Generally, bacteria are divided into two groups - gram-positive and gram-negative; If the antibiotic shows antibacterial activity against both groups, the antibiotic must be of a broad spectrum.